Approaches in sociology and development

Abstract Objective:The objective of the present study was to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the development of tourism in accordance with modern hotel management in the group of Irantourist and tourism hotels.Method:The method of the present study was a descriptive survey of the correlation type and the statistical sample of the study consisted of (255)employees of the Irantourist and tourism investment company who were selected by simple random sampling method.Aquestionnaire was used to collect data.Also,the indicators of tourism development in accordance with modern hotel management were categorized into four main themes: cultural factors, social factors,economic factors,administrative and service factors.The fuzzy AHP method was used to rank the factors and the Expert Choice software was used to analyze the data and prioritize the factors and indicators.Findings:The results of data analysis show that there is a significant relationship between(identifying the traditions and cultural heritage of the people of each region,identifying the cultural practices and values accepted by the people of each region, giving importance to the environment by employees and personnel,informing and installing tourist guide symbols,complying with local laws, regulations and customs,promoting health-oriented and nature-friendly tourism,investing in clean energy and promoting the tourism brand,providing cash and job opportunities in the development of the tourism industry,expanding international cooperation in the field of attracting tourists, crisis management and paying sufficient attention to training specialized human resources,sustainable practices such as minimizing waste and recycling). Conclusion:The tourism industry and paying attention to modern hotel management as one of the important economic sectors of the world,plays a significant role in job creation, income generation and sustainable development.

Abstract The battle of politics against democracy as a big bang of electoral arena is a kind of duality between the demands of society and imperatives of political power that has drawn the radicalism of politicians under question. Such populist measure tries to understand the representation politics as an inactivity and thoughtless challenge doubled the difficulty of delayed agency. So, this collective action is backing the negativism and revive the unhappy subjects based on the syndrome of absolute societal sovereignty. This exposure will design the new city-politics based on the electoral confrontation between the positional and oppositional power. Accordingly, the main research question of this paper is whether the linguistic and behavioral fortunes of populism will limit the formal power and treat the challenges of political representation in order to get rid of geo-electoral boundaries? According to the hypothesis, trying to confine the positional logic of power-holders has turned the democracy as a single perception before the populist rhetoric that causes to chaos with its pixilated interpretation about the politics of representation. Nevertheless, the finding of the current paper shows that negative attitudes of populism towards the pluralism and differences has built a meta-pluralist society attempting to design a virtuous society after deconstructing the then- politics.

Abstract Objective: The objective of the present study was to design a good and sustainable governance model based on social capital in Tehran Municipality. Method: The research population consisted of 15 managers and experts in the field of good and sustainable governance and social capital, faculty members, managers and experts from 22 districts of Tehran Municipality who were selected based on purposive sampling using the data saturation technique. Data collection was carried out using semi-structured in-depth interviews and data analysis using thematic analysis. Findings: The findings of the thematic network analysis showed that 225 initial codes, 45 central codes, and 6 main themes including trust and legitimacy in the good and sustainable governance process, networks and information flow in policymaking, citizen participation and participatory governance, norms, values and ethics of policymaking, justice, human dignity and intermediary institutions, indigenous knowledge, resilience, identity, and transformation of social capital were obtained. Conclusion: Social capital, as one of the key components of sustainable development, plays a fundamental role in improving the quality of governance and the success of public policies.

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct a sociological analysis of the social and cultural factors influencing body management among female master's students at the University of Mazandaran. Method: This study employed a descriptive-correlational survey design. The statistical population consisted of 1,096 female master's students at the University of Mazandaran; a sample of 285 students was selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method based on Cochran's formula. Data were collected using a researcher-made, 73-item questionnaire regarding social and cultural factors affecting body management. The validity and reliability of the instrument were measured at 0.91 and 0.89, respectively. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS and LISREL software. Findings: The data analysis revealed a significant relationship between social factors and body management among the female master's students at the University of Mazandaran. Similarly, a significant relationship was found between cultural factors and body management among this group. Conclusion: Young women place special importance on their physical appearance and bodies. In the current climate, body and appearance management has also become particularly important for young men—a trend likely influenced by the characteristics of late modernity. In late modernity, the clothing we wear and the ways we adorn our bodies give rise to a "body-centric" concept that shapes our sense of self and personality. Consequently, young women prioritize and monitor those aspects of their appearance that fall within their own control and sphere of agency.

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to conduct a quantitative meta-analysis of studies conducted on the impact of social, cultural, and economic capital on violence against women in Iran. Method: The statistical population included 86 studies identified from reputable domestic scientific databases in the period 1404-1436. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria and examining the methodological quality, 45 studies were included in the analysis as the sample size. The correlation coefficient and Fisher's z-transformation were used to calculate the effect size, and the data were analyzed with CMA2 software. Findings: Social capital with an effect size of (-0.421) was the strongest deterrent to violence. In the components, family support (-0.387), family trust (-0.352), and family ties (-0.295) had the greatest impact. Cultural capital with an effect size of (-0.383) showed an inverse relationship, with educational capital (-0.405) being the strongest factor, followed by media literacy (-0.275) and mass media consumption (-0.180). Economic capital with an effect size of (-0.395) also had a significant negative relationship, with high socioeconomic status (-0.370) and high income (-0.355) being the most effective components. Conclusion: Simultaneously strengthening social, cultural, and economic capital through family support programs, promoting women's education, and improving economic status is a key strategy in reducing violence against women, and one-dimensional interventions are not effective.